Visiting Mount Athos: A Spiritual Journey in Greece

Mount Athos lies in mainland Greece, in the Chalkidiki Peninsula. This stretch of land extending into the Aegean Sea is known as Agion Oros, literally “Holy Mountain.”

Mount Athos is a self-governed monastic republic under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and administratively separate from the rest of Greece.

I first saw the towering silhouette of Mount Athos from the beaches of the Sithonia peninsula. Its peak surrounded by clouds at dusk, clearing at dawn, gives the impression of a steadfast guardian watching over centuries of prayers.

As a woman, I am not allowed to enter this part of the Chalkidiki Peninsula. Yet regardless of the rules or the site’s beauty, it’s important to remember that people come here for one reason only: prayer.

I believe it’s essential that pilgrims—not tourists—be the ones to visit this place, even if that means giving up the chance to see such a rare and fascinating part of the world.

Mount Athos is often mistaken for Mount Olympus, the mythical home of the gods. But this 2,033-meter rocky mountain is actually home to the largest monastic community in Greece—a sacred place for Orthodox Christians.

Origins of a Sacred Land

According to classical mythology, one of the giants who fought against the gods of Olympus once lived here. Another legend tells of the Virgin Mary passing through and prompting the construction of the first shrine.

Historically, the first place of worship was built around the 10th century, when Orthodox monks fled here to escape Ottoman persecution.

Over time, the monasteries expanded and became wealthier. Even today, some monks live as hermits in huts suspended from cliffs. Each of the 20 Orthodox monasteries has its own unique history. While most are Greek, three were founded by Serbians, Bulgarians, and Russians respectively.

The peninsula holds priceless artistic treasures—destined to remain hidden from the eyes of most.

Not a Land for Women

Only men are allowed on Mount Athos. In fact, all female animals are also forbidden—except for cats, birds, and insects.

This ban has been in place since 1046 and is still enforced today, despite criticism from the European Union for gender discrimination.

How to Reach Mount Athos

Access to Mount Athos is only by sea, due to bureaucratic restrictions. Ferries depart from Ouranoupoli or Ierissos, docking at the port of Dafni. From there, visitors can reach Karyes, the peninsula’s only inhabited village and its administrative capital.

Mount Athos operates under a special statute that grants it autonomy while remaining part of the European Union. Its 2,000 residents—and any visitors—must abide by specific rules and regulations.

The Special Permit

Entry is limited to preserve the peace and sanctity of the area. Visitors must apply in advance, specifying their religion and reason for the visit.

The permit, called the dhiamonitirion, outlines the visitor’s stay. One can either stay in a single monastery or move from one to another daily.

If you plan to visit, be sure to contact the Pilgrims’ Bureau in Thessaloniki well in advance.

Those who aim to climb the mountain itself must be well-prepared: the hike takes about 7 hours, involves significant elevation gain, and lacks water or rest stops.

Mount Athos by Sea

A great alternative is a cruise around the peninsula. This allows even women to admire, from a respectful distance, the monasteries and landscapes reserved for men.

Half-day tours explore the western coast, while full-day cruises also take in the eastern side.

Want to explore more? If Mount Athos fascinates you, discover the other wonders of the Chalkidiki Peninsula and download the complete guide. The first one is free!